
錢松喦(1899-1985)?延安
QIAN SONGYAN?YAN’AN
1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)新(xin)中(zhong)國(guo)成立后,新(xin)中(zhong)國(guo)要(yao)求藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)反映(ying)現實生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)并為(wei)人民服務,當時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)家都在(zai)尋求藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)突破,錢(qian)(qian)松(song)(song)(song)嵒也是其中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一位(wei)。畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)家們紛紛走(zou)出畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)室(shi),走(zou)進名山(shan)(shan)大川,開始了(le)(le)(le)(le)寫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。 就寫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)言,錢(qian)(qian)松(song)(song)(song)嵒可以說是駕輕就熟,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)早期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)學(xue)習(xi)和創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)已經(jing)為(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)累積(ji)了(le)(le)(le)(le)這方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)功,所以1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《錫山(shan)(shan)》、《黿頭渚》大獲成功,為(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)進入江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)國(guo)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)院奠定(ding)了(le)(le)(le)(le)基(ji)礎。此(ci)后,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)不(bu)(bu)斷漫游(you)各地(di),體(ti)驗生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo),收集素材(cai),佳作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)不(bu)(bu)斷涌現。1960年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),錢(qian)(qian)松(song)(song)(song)嵒作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)老畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)師參加了(le)(le)(le)(le)“江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)國(guo)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)團”,與(yu)傅抱石、亞明、魏紫熙等進行(xing)長途寫生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),訪問了(le)(le)(le)(le)洛陽、延安、華山(shan)(shan)、廣州(zhou)等地(di),作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)二萬三(san)千里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壯游(you),從(cong)此(ci),開闊胸襟,拓展(zhan)(zhan)氣局(ju),頓悟了(le)(le)(le)(le)現實與(yu)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)許多問題(ti),創(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)(chuang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)像《紅巖(yan)(yan)》(1962年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、《常(chang)熟田》(1964年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))那樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)代(dai)表作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo),凸現了(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)峰巔。從(cong)1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)到(dao)1966年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),錢(qian)(qian)松(song)(song)(song)嵒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)以反映(ying)現實生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)為(wei)主(zhu),不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)顯現了(le)(le)(le)(le)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方向,同時也從(cong)這一方向中(zhong)確(que)立了(le)(le)(le)(le)自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風格,并以一系列的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)為(wei)“山(shan)(shan)水畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)怎樣(yang)反映(ying)時代(dai)精神”樹立了(le)(le)(le)(le)榜樣(yang),贏得了(le)(le)(le)(le)在(zai)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)壇的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)位(wei)。 錢(qian)(qian)松(song)(song)(song)喦(nie)是金陵畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)派(pai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領軍人物之(zhi)一,作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)品(pin)雄(xiong)渾蒼(cang)秀(xiu),質(zhi)拙凝重,晚年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濃墨(mo)重彩畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)個性風貌鮮(xian)明,他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)筆下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勁松(song)(song)(song)、蒼(cang)巖(yan)(yan)等更是獨立一幟。錢(qian)(qian)松(song)(song)(song)喦(nie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)水畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)還得益于(yu)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)書(shu)(shu)(shu)法藝(yi)術(shu)(shu),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)早年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)學(xue)書(shu)(shu)(shu)從(cong)石鼓文入手(shou),繼之(zhi)學(xue)《華山(shan)(shan)廟碑(bei)》、《張遷碑(bei)》等,打下(xia)了(le)(le)(le)(le)雄(xiong)厚(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)書(shu)(shu)(shu)法基(ji)礎,進而(er)習(xi)楷書(shu)(shu)(shu),他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)畫(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)中(zhong)流露出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用筆澀而(er)不(bu)(bu)滑,渾而(er)不(bu)(bu)膩,全得力(li)于(yu)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)書(shu)(shu)(shu)法。
此幅《延安》描繪了延安寶塔山的雄偉景色,線條古樸中帶有強勁之感,重色重墨又能渾然一體。崖壁上蒼松挺拔,枝干遒勁,松針半輪勾出,相互累疊,以筆根水分破之、潤之,甚為秀美。近景的松樹用濕筆皴擦點染,乘濕完成,墨氣涌動,酣暢淋漓,一切顯得那么情趣盎然。錢松喦以粗獷、豪放為其情調,以干筆、枯筆為其基調,在遵循傳統的山水畫構圖原理下以層層積染之法,形成“勾擦大膽、點面隱約、跡簡意深、設色簡略、墨彩交融、夸張巧拙”的鮮明風格,充分表現了祖國山川特有的氣象魅力,折射出一種積極向上、氣勢磅礴、大氣凜然的精神內涵,充分表達了對革命圣地的無限敬仰和對祖國大好河山的由衷贊美,是革命現實主義與革命浪漫主義高度結合的精品佳作,是時代政治和繪畫藝術完美統一的紅色經典。